The first manatees of the season have been spotted along the coast of Georgia, which means the Georgia Department of Natural Resources (DNR) is again reminding boaters to be on the lookout to avoid collisions with the endangered animals...
The first manatees of the season have been spotted along the coast of Georgia, which means the Georgia Department of Natural Resources (DNR) is again reminding boaters to be on the lookout to avoid collisions with the endangered animals.
With an estimated population of only 3,000 animals in U.S. waters,
manatees, also known as sea cows, are protected as an endangered
species under federal and Georgia law. Approximately one quarter of all manatee mortalities in Georgia since 1980 were caused by watercraft collisions.
Other dangers to the species include entanglement in fishing gear and
harmful algal blooms known as red tides.
Although Florida manatees are present throughout the year in Florida,
they are migratory in Georgia. Manatees begin their slow migration up
the Georgia coast each spring when water temperatures rise into the
upper 60s. They can be found in tidal rivers, estuaries and near-shore
marine waters throughout Georgia and the Carolinas throughout the
summer months. Manatees return to Florida in September and October as water temperatures cool.
Adult manatees are approximately 10 feet long and weigh up to 1 ton.
Their skin varies from gray to brown, and their bodies are rounded with
two pectoral flippers and a wide, flat tail. Subsisting on marsh grass
and other aquatic plants, the animals are gentle and pose no threat to
humans. It is illegal to hunt, play with or harass manatees.
Manatees have a slow reproductive rate. Females are not sexually mature until about 5 years old, and males mature at approximately 9. On average, an adult female gives birth to one calf every two to five
years, and twins are rare. The gestation period is about a year.
Mothers nurse their young for one to two years, so a calf may remain
dependent on its mother during that time. Manatee calves are
approximately 4 feet long at birth and about 60 pounds.
The number of manatees along Georgia's coastline each year is unknown because the turbid, murky waters near the coast make surveys difficult. Georgia residents can help biologists learn more about the movements and habitat use of manatees by reporting any sightings and taking photographs.
Collisions between boaters and manatees are more likely to occur in
shallow waters, particularly around docks and at the edge of marshes
where manatees feed. Following boater safety regulations in these areas can reduce the risk of a collision. Boaters should also watch for
manatee backs, tails, snouts and footprints - a series of round
swirls on the surface caused by a swimming manatee's tail.
If a boat accidentally collides with a manatee, the DNR Wildlife
Resources Division asks that the boater stand-by and immediately
contact the U.S. Coast Guard on VHF Channel 16 or DNR at (800) 2-SAVE-ME (800-272-8363). Doing so provides biologists the best chance to help the animal and gather valuable scientific data. According to Wildlife Resources, boaters will not be charged if they were operating their boat responsibly and the collision was an accident.
If you see or photograph a healthy, injured or dead manatee, please
contact DNR at (800) 2-SAVE-ME or (912) 269-7587. Please note the date, time, location and number of manatees seen, as well as the coordinates, if possible. Photographs of scars on their backs and tails are especially useful because they can often be used to identify previously known manatees.
Here are some other ways Georgia residents can help protect manatees:
· Look around for manatees before cranking your boat's motor.
· Use caution when navigating in shallow water and along the edge
of a marsh. Manatees cannot dive away from boats in these areas.
· Please heed slow speed, no wake and manatee warning
signs, especially around docks.
· Wear polarized sunglasses to reduce glare, making it easier to
spot manatees below the surface. Watch for large swirls in the water
called footprints that may be caused by manatees diving away from the boat.
· Dock owners should never feed manatees or give them fresh water.
This could teach the animals to approach docks, putting them at greater risk of a boat strike.
· Never pursue, harass or play with manatees. It is bad for the
manatees and is illegal.
Buying a nongame wildlife license plate supports efforts such as
manatee research. Wildlife Resources Nongame Conservation Section, which works to conserve these and other species that are not legally hunted, fished for or trapped, receives no state appropriations, relying instead on federal grants, donations and fundraisers like license plate sales and the Give Wildlife a Chance state income tax checkoff.
The bald eagle and hummingbird tags are available for $25 at all county tag offices, by checking the appropriate box on mail-in forms or through online renewal at http://mvd.dor.ga.gov/tags.
The Give Wildlife a Chance tax checkoff is line 26 of the long tax form
(Form 500) or line 10 of the short form (Form 500EZ). Simply fill in a
dollar amount.
Stay informed about nongame wildlife with Georgia Wild, a free
e-newsletter from Wildlife Resources. Sign up at
www.georgiawildlife.com (click Conservation and the e-newsletter link).
For more information from Wildlife Resources, contact:
Kristina Summers, senior public affairs specialist - (770) 918-6791;
kristina.summers@gadnr.org